![]() Without insulin, the body’s cells cannot turn glucose (sugar), into energy. What happens to the pancreas? In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas, a large gland behind the stomach, stops making insulin because the cells that make the insulin have been destroyed by the body’s immune system. Type 1 diabetes: Occurs when the pancreas does not produce insulin Represents around 10% of all cases of diabetes and is one of the most common chronic childhood conditions Onset is usually abrupt and the symptoms obvious Symptoms can include excessive thirst and urination, unexplained weight loss, weakness and fatigue and blurred vision Is managed with insulin injections several times a day or the use of an insulin pump. There is no cure and it cannot be prevented. Type 1 diabetes is not linked to modifiable lifestyle factors. ![]() We do not know what causes this auto-immune reaction. Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune condition in which the immune system is activated to destroy the cells in the pancreas which produce insulin. However, people who have close relatives with the disease are somewhat more likely to develop it. ![]() Who gets diabetes? Diabetes can occur in anyone. This form of diabetes comes on so gradually that symptoms may not even be recognized. In this case, people can live for months, even years without knowing they have the disease. These include: being very thirsty frequent urination weight loss increased hunger blurry vision irritability tingling or numbness in the hands or feet frequent skin, bladder or gum infections wounds that don't heal extreme unexplained fatigue In some cases, there are no symptoms - this happens at times with type 2 diabetes. How do people know if they have diabetes? People with diabetes frequently experience certain symptoms. This form of diabetes usually occurs in people who are over 40, overweight, and have a family history of diabetes, although today it is increasingly occurring in younger people, particularly adolescents. Type 2 (formerly called adult-onset or non insulin-dependent) diabetes results when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin and/or is unable to use insulin properly (insulin resistance). This form of diabetes usually develops in children or young adults, but can occur at any age. People with type 1 diabetes must take daily insulin injections to survive. In type 1 (fomerly called juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent) diabetes, the body completely stops producing any insulin, a hormone that enables the body to use glucose found in foods for energy. Glucose backs up in the bloodstream - causing one’s blood glucose (sometimes referred to as blood sugar) to rise too high. What is diabetes? Diabetes is a disease in which the body is unable to properly use and store glucose (a form of sugar).
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